Travels

Forbidden City 1/5 Royal Architecture 皇家建筑

The Forbidden City covers an area of about 72 hectares (180 acres) with a total floor space of approximately 150,000 square meters (1,600,000 square feet). It consists of more than 90 palaces and courtyards, 980 buildings and over 8,728 rooms. (A common myth states that there are 9,999.5 rooms, but it is not supported by survey evidence.)

L2M-CN-1904-PALACE-71紫禁城南北长961米,东西宽753米,四面围有高10米的城墙,城外有宽52米的护城河,真可谓有金城汤池之固。紫禁城有四座城门,南面为午门,北面为神武门,东面为东华门,西面为西华门。城墙的四角,各有一座风姿绰约的角楼,民间有九梁十八柱七十二条脊之说,形容其结构的复杂。

The Outer Court 外朝

The outer court has three main buildings (三大殿), where emperors attended grand ceremonies and conducted state affairs.

紫禁城内的建筑分为外朝和内廷两部分。外朝的中心为太和殿、中和殿、保和殿,统称三大殿,是国家举行大典礼的地方。三大殿左右两翼辅以文华殿、武英殿两组建筑。

Hall of Supreme Harmony 太和殿

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The first hall waiting for you is the Hall of Supreme Harmony (太和殿), the most important and largest structure in the Forbidden City. The emperors’ Dragon Throne (Longyi) is in this hall.

太和殿,俗称“金銮殿”,位于紫禁城南北主轴线的显要位置,明永乐十八年(1420年)建成,称奉天殿。嘉靖四十一年(1562年)改称皇极殿。清顺治二年(1645年)改今名。自建成后屡遭焚毁,又多次重建,今天所见为清代康熙三十四年(1695年)重建后的形制。太和殿是紫禁城内体量最大、等级最高的建筑物,建筑规制之高,装饰手法之精,堪列中国古代建筑之首。

Hall of Central Harmony 中和殿

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The second hall, behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony is the Hall of Central Harmony (中和殿), the resting place of the emperor before presiding over grand events held in the Hall of Supreme Harmony. Emperors would rehearse their speeches and presentations here before departing to the Temple of Heaven for the sacrifice rites.

中和殿,故宫外朝三大殿之一,位于紫禁城太和殿、保和殿之间。始建于明永乐十八年(1420年),明初称华盖殿,嘉靖时遭遇火灾,重修后改称中极殿,现天花内构件上仍遗留有明代“中极殿”墨迹。清顺治元年(1644年),清皇室入主紫禁城,第二年改中极殿为中和殿。殿名取自《礼记·中庸》:“中也者,天下之本也;和也者,天下之道也”之意。

Hall of Preserving Harmony 保和殿

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The last hall is the Hall of Preserving Harmony (保和殿), used for banquets and later for imperial examinations.

保和殿,故宫外朝三大殿之一。位于中和殿后,建成于明永乐十八年(1420年),初名谨身殿,嘉靖时遭火灾,重修后改称建极殿。清顺治二年改为保和殿。保和殿于明清两代用途不同,明代大典前皇帝常在此更衣,清代每年除夕、正月十五,皇帝赐外藩、王公及一二品大臣宴,赐额驸之父、有官职家属宴及每科殿试等均于保和殿举行。

Date Visited : Apr 2019

1 comment on “Forbidden City 1/5 Royal Architecture 皇家建筑

  1. Pingback: Master Xu’s Fish 许爷剁椒鱼头 @ Shanghai – live2makan

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